Short-term effects of nitrogen dioxide on inpatient acute myocardial infarction in Lanzhou, China.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) represents a deleterious effect on acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but few relevant studies have been conducted in China. We aim to evaluate the acute effects of NO2 exposure on hospitalization for AMI in Lanzhou, China. In this study, we applied a distributional lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to assess the association between NO2 exposure and AMI hospitalization. We explored the sensitivity of various groups through stratified analysis by gender, age, and season. The daily average concentration of NO2 is 47.50 ± 17.38 µg/m3. We observed a significant exposure-response relationship between NO2 concentration and AMI hospitalization. The single pollutant model analysis shows that NO2 is positively correlated with AMI hospitalization at lag1, lag01, lag02, and lag03. The greatest lag effect estimate occurs at lag01, where a 10 µg/m3 increase in NO2 concentrations is significantly associated with a relative risk (RR) of hospitalization due to AMI of 1.027 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.013, 1.042]. The results of the stratified analysis by gender, age, and season indicate that males, those aged ≥65 years, and the cold season are more sensitive to the deleterious effects caused by NO2 exposure. Short-term exposure to NO2 can enhance the risk of AMI hospitalization in urban Lanzhou.

Short-term association between air pollution and daily genitourinary disorder admissions in Lanzhou, China.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and the number of daily hospital admissions for genitourinary disorders in Lanzhou. Hospital admission data and air pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, O38h and CO, were obtained from the period 2013 to 2020. A generalized additive model (GAM) combined with distribution lag nonlinear model (DLNM) based on quasi-Poisson distribution was used by the controlling for trends, weather, weekdays and holidays. Short-term exposure to PM2.5, NO2 and CO increased the risk of genitourinary disorder admissions with RR of 1.0096 (95% CI 1.0002-1.0190), 1.0255 (95% CI 1.0123-1.0389) and 1.0686 (95% CI 1.0083-1.1326), respectively. PM10, O38h and SO2 have no significant effect on genitourinary disorders. PM2.5 and NO2 are more strongly correlated in female and ≥ 65 years patients. CO is more strongly correlated in male and < 65 years patients. PM2.5, NO2 and CO are risk factors for genitourinary morbidity, and public health interventions should be strengthened to protect vulnerable populations.

Association Between Air Pollution and Coronary Heart Disease Hospitalizations in Lanzhou City, 2013-2020: a Time Series Analysis.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most serious public health problems. However, few studies have focused on the effects of exposure to particulate matter and gaseous air pollutants on CHD. This study aimed to explore the relationship between air pollutants and the number of hospitalized patients with CHD in Lanzhou, and we collected daily data on the number of hospitalized patients with CHD, daily air pollutants, and meteorological factors from 2013 to 2020. A distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) combined with a quasi-Poisson regression model was applied to evaluate the relationship between air pollutants and the number of hospitalized patients with CHD. The results indicated that the hysteresis effect of all pollutants except O38h reached its maximum at lag3, and the relative risk of coronary heart disease admission was 1.0014 (95%CI: 1.0004, 1.0023), 1.0003 (95%CI: 1.0000, 1.0006), 1.0020 (95%CI: 1.0004, 1.0035), and 1.0053 (95%CI: 1.0026, 1.0080) when PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 concentrations were increased by 10 µg/m3, respectively. Each 1 mg/m3 increase in CO concentration was associated with a relative risk of coronary heart disease; hospitalization risk was 1.1076 (95%CI: 1.0530, 1.1650). We observed a relative risk of 0.9991 (95%CI: 0.9986, 0.9999) for each 10 µg/m3 increase in O38h for coronary heart disease admission at lag1. Women and elderly were more susceptible to the impact of air pollution, and the impact was greater during cold seasons. Our results indicate that air pollution increased the risk of hospitalization for CHD in a short term. The research findings can provide strategic insights into the impact of current and future air pollution on CHD.

Short-term effects of air pollution on hospitalization of children with acute upper respiratory infections: A time series analysis in Lanzhou, China.

OBJECTIVE: Short-term air pollution exposure is correlated with childhood acute upper respiratory infections (AURI) hospitalizations. We surveyed the relationship between AURI hospitalizations and air pollutant concentrations in children aged 0-14 years from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2019 in Lanzhou City. METHODS: We collected both data on air pollutant concentrations and children's AURI hospitalizations during the study period. Distributional lagged nonlinear models were adopted to assess the short-term effects of air pollutants on children's AURI hospitalizations. We also performed subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: A total of 15,881 children were hospitalized for AURI during the study period. The results showed that for each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 , SO2 , and NO2 concentrations at lag0-6, the relative risk (RR) values for children hospitalized for AURI were RR = 1.0247 (95% CI: 1.0092,1.0405), RR = 1.0928 (95% CI: 1.0562, 1.1308), and RR = 1.0715 (95% CI: 1.0495, 1.0940), respectively. PM10 was significantly associated with AURI hospitalization in children only at lag0, RR = 1.0028 (95% CI: 1.0000, 1.0056). CONCLUSION: Short-term exposures to PM2.5 , PM10 , SO2 , and NO2 all increase the risk of AURI hospitalization in children variously.

Association between air temperature and risk of hospitalization for genitourinary disorders: An environmental epidemiological study in Lanzhou, China.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between air temperature and the risk of hospitalization for genitourinary disorders. METHODS: Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) were used to estimate the association between air temperature and the risk of hospitalization for genitourinary disorders, with subgroup analysis by gender and age to identify the susceptible population of temperature-sensitive genitourinary system diseases. RESULTS: Low mean temperature (MT) (RR = 2.001, 95% CI: 1.856~2.159), high MT (RR = 2.884, 95% CI: 2.621~3.173) and low diurnal temperature range (DTR) (RR = 1.619, 95% CI: 1.508~1.737) were all associated with the increased risk of hospitalization for genitourinary disorders in the total population analysis, and the high MT effect was stronger than the low MT effect. Subgroup analysis found that high MT was more strongly correlated in male (RR = 2.998, 95% CI: 2.623~3.427) and those <65 years (RR = 3.003, 95% CI: 2.670~3.344), and low DTR was more strongly correlated in female (RR = 1.669, 95% CI: 1.510~1.846) and those <65 years (RR = 1.643, 95% CI: 1.518~1.780). CONCLUSIONS: The effect of high MT on the risk of hospitalization for genitourinary disorders is more significant than that of low MT. DTR was independently associated with the risk of hospitalization for genitourinary disorders.

Short-term effects of air pollution on hospitalization for acute lower respiratory infections in children: a time-series analysis study from Lanzhou, China.

BACKGROUND: Short-term exposure to air pollution is associated with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children. We investigated the relationship between hospitalization for ALRI in children and air pollutant concentrations from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020 in Lanzhou City. METHODS: We collected data on air pollutant concentrations and children's hospitalization data during the study period. A time series regression analysis was used to assess the short-term effects of air pollutants on ALRI in children, and subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: A total of 51,206 children with ALRI were studied, including 40,126 cases of pneumonia and 11,080 cases of bronchiolitis. The results of the study revealed that PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 were significantly associated with hospitalization for ALRI in children aged 0-14 years. For each 10 µg/m3 increase in air pollutant concentration in lag0-7, the relative risk of ALRI hospitalization in children due to PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 increased by 1.089 (95%CI:1.075, 1.103), 1.018 (95%CI:1.014, 1.021), 1.186 (95%CI:1.154. 1.219) and 1.149 (95%CI:1.130, 1.168), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NO2 short-term exposures were positively associated with ALRI, pneumonia and bronchiolitis hospitalizations in Lanzhou, China. Local governments should make efforts to improve urban ambient air quality conditions to reduce hospitalization rates for childhood respiratory diseases.

Time Series Analysis of the Acute Effect of Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter on Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Lanzhou, China.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between environmental PM 2.5 and heart failure (HF) hospitalization in Lanzhou, China. METHOD: The correlation between atmospheric PM 2.5 and HF hospitalization was evaluated using a distributed lag nonlinear model. RESULT: During the study period, 16,122 HF patients were hospitalized. The average concentration of PM 2.5 is 45.24 µg/m 3 . PM 2.5 was positively correlated with HF hospitalization with single lag (lag0) and cumulative lag (lag01, lag02, lag03). The maximum lag effect is estimated to occur in lag03, and with the PM 2.5 concentration increasing by 10 µg/m 3 , HF hospitalization risk increased by 1.023 (95% confidence interval, 1.006-1.039). The risk of hospitalization for HF in the male group, the age group 65 years or older, and the cold season was statistically significant and more positively correlated. CONCLUSION: PM 2.5 exposure increases the risk of HF admission in Lanzhou.

[Effect of Diurnal Temperature Range on the Number of Residents Hospitalized Due to Stroke in Lanzhou].

Objective To analyze the relationship between diurnal temperature range (DTR) and the hospitalization of stroke in Lanzhou,so as to provide a scientific basis for probing into the mechanism of temperature changes in inducing stroke and formulating comprehensive prevention and control measures for stroke by relevant departments.Methods The information of the patients hospitalized due to stroke in Lanzhou during January 2014 to December 2019 and the air pollutants (PM10,SO2,and NO2) and meteorological data in the same period were collected for statistical analysis.Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlations between air pollutants and meteorological factors.The distributed lag nonlinear model was adopted to fit the relationship between DTR and the number of stroke inpatients,and three-dimensional diagrams and the correlation diagrams of DTR against stroke risk were established.The stratified analysis was performed according to gender and age (< 65 years and ≥65 years).Results From 2014 to 2019,a total of 92 812 stroke patients were hospitalized in Lanzhou,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.35:1.There was a nonlinear relationship between DTR and the number of stroke inpatients in Lanzhou,which presented a lag effect.The low DTR at 4.5 ℃ had the largest RR value of 1.25 (95%CI=1.16-1.35) for stroke inpatients at a cumulative lag of 18 d.The effect of high DTR (18.5 ℃) on the hospitalization of stroke patients peaked at a cumulative lag of 21 d,with an RR value of 1.09 (95%CI=1.01-1.18).The stratified analysis results suggested that low levels of DTR had greater effects on the hospitalization of male stroke patients and stroke patients <65 years.Conclusions Short-term exposure to different levels of DTR had an impact on the number of stroke inpatients,and low levels of DTR had a slightly greater impact on stroke inpatients than high levels of DTR.Importance should be attached to the protection of males and people aged <65 years at low levels of DTR.